Learning a new field means learning its vocabulary. These definitions are starting points — each links to deeper guides where available.
Blockchain — A chronological chain of records maintained by many computers rather than one central authority.
Validator — A computer that helps process transactions and maintain the Solana ledger. Validators stake SOL as collateral.
RPC node — A server your wallet uses to send transactions and read account data. Quality varies; some are public, some are paid.
Wallet — Software or hardware that stores your keypair and lets you sign transactions. The wallet does not hold coins “inside” it — it holds keys that control on-chain accounts.
Seed phrase — A human-readable backup of your private key, usually 12 or 24 words. Anyone with this phrase controls your funds.
Program — Solana’s term for an on-chain application (similar to a smart contract on other chains).
SPL token — A token standard on Solana, like ERC-20 on Ethereum. USDC on Solana is an SPL token.
Stake / staking — Locking SOL to support a validator’s operations. Stakers may earn rewards but face lock-up periods and slashing risk.
Devnet — A test network with worthless tokens for developers and learners to practise without financial risk.
Mainnet — The live Solana network where real value is at stake.
Rent — A small amount of SOL required to keep certain accounts open on-chain. Closing unused token accounts can reclaim rent.
Proof of History — A Solana-specific mechanism that timestamps transactions to help validators order events efficiently.
For structured learning, follow our absolute beginner path.